| Capital |
Port of Spain |
| Area Sq Km |
5 130 |
| Area Sq Miles |
1 981 |
| Population |
1 283 000 |
| Languages |
English, Creole, Hindi |
| Religions |
Protestant, Roman, Catholic, Hindu, Sunni Muslim |
| Currency |
Dollar |
| National Day |
|
Economy Overview
The economy is dominated by the oil and gas
industry. Low oil pricesand falling production from the late 1980s
onwards led to a steady contractionof the economy. The proportion of
government revenue provided by the industryfell from 47% in 1990 to 17%
in 1996. However, new discoveries and increasedforeign investment are
now helping to reverse the trend. Apart from oil andgas, Trinidad has
the world's largest deposits of asphalt: a major expansion ofthis
industry was launched in 1991. Oil revenues have in the past been used
toestablish new industries, including plastics and electronics. The
agriculturalsector is small with sugar cane, coffee, cocoa and citrus
fruits as the maincommodities. Once a net exporter of foodstuffs,
Trinidad now imports the bulkof its requirements. The country's other
important foreign exchange earner istourism although this has not
reached its full potential because ofunder-investment. Trinidad &
Tobago previously had the most heavilyregulated economy in the region
but the state-controlled edifice has beendismantled during the 1990s as
part of an IMF-approved package ofprivatisation, fiscal and trade
liberalisation. The external debt has beensubstantially reduced while
growth and inflation have been at manageable levelsthrough the late
1990s. As ever, this was achieved at the cost of reductions insocial
provision and an overall growth in poverty among the bulk of
thepopulation. Moreover, the economy remains vulnerable to oil price
movements.Trinidad & Tobago is a member of the Caribbean trading
bloc, CARICOM. Thecountry's main trading partners are Jamaica, Barbados
and Guyana in the regionand the UK, the USA, Canada, Brazil and Germany
further afield.
Government
Thepresident is the constitutional head of
state. Executive power is vested in aprime minister and a cabinet drawn
from the largest parties in the bicameralparliament. This comprises the
Senate, with 31 appointed members, and the Houseof Representatives,
with 36 members elected by universal adult suffrage. Since1980, Tobago
has had its own 15-seat House of Assembly, with 12 members electedand
three selected by the ruling party. Tobago was granted full
internalself-government by the national government in January 1987.
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